Cannabis in the Philippines – Laws, Use, and History

The Philippino flag and a cannabis plant

Philippine drugs laws are among the harshest in the world, with death penalties for possessing a relatively small amount of cannabis. However, the country may approve a bill for introducing medicinal cannabis, with even President Rodrigo Duterte acknowledging its benefits for patients. One of medicinal cannabis’s main supporters is the Catholic Church.

    • Capital
    • Manila
    • Population
    • 117,665,000
    • CBD Products
    • Illegal
    • Recreational cannabis
    • Illegal
    • Medicinal cannabis
    • Illegal

Cannabis laws in the Philippines

Can you possess and use cannabis in the Philippines?

According to the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, it is illegal to use or possess cannabis in the Philippines. The law defines cannabis as a dangerous drug, and imposes a penalty of “life imprisonment to death” and a fine of 500,000 pesos to 10 million pesos (€8,831 to €176,625) for those caught in possession of the following amounts:

  • 10 grams or more of resin (hashish)
  • 500 grams or more of cannabis

If the amount is less than 10 grams of hashish, or between 300 and 500 grams of cannabis, then the sentence is reduced to 20 years’ and one day to life imprisonment. A fine is still given, but this is also reduced to between 400,000 pesos and 500,000 pesos (€7,065 to €8,831).

The law changes once again if the amount of hashish is less than five grams, or the amount of cannabis is less than 300 grams. In this instance, the offender can be given a 12 year and one day to 20-year sentence, and a fine ranging from 300,000 pesos to 400,000 pesos (€5,298 to €7,065).

Cannabis use:

If a person is caught using cannabis (rather than possessing) – for example, if they test positive in a drugs test – they are given a minimum of six months rehabilitation in a government centre.

If caught a second time, they could be sentenced to six years and one day to 12 years in prison. A fine is also given, ranging from 50,000 pesos to 200,000 pesos (€883 to €3,532).

These severe laws are unlikely to change any time soon. President Rodrigo Duterte said in a press conference in 2016: “If you would smoke it like a cigarette, I will not allow it ever. It remains to be a prohibited item and there’s always a threat of being arrested, or if you choose to fight the law enforcement agency, you die.”

A hand holding a smoking joint

Can you sell cannabis in the Philippines?

The sale and supply of cannabis is also illegal, and as with use and possession, penalties are severe for offenders.

If caught importing cannabis, a sentence of life imprisonment to death is given, plus a fine of 500,000 pesos to 10 million pesos (€8,831 to €176,625).

Philippine law also punishes ‘protectors / coddlers’ – people who knowingly shield, protect or harbour drugs-traffickers or sellers. In this instance, the offender is sentenced to 12 years and one day to 20 years in prison, and a fine ranging from 100,000 pesos to 500,000 pesos (€1,765 to €8,831).

If caught, cannabis sellers are liable to receive life imprisonment or the death sentence, and a fine of 500,000 pesos to 10 million pesos. In some circumstances, this is reduced to 12 years and one day to 20 years, and a fine of 100,000 pesos to 500,000 pesos. If the seller is caught selling or distributing within 100 metres of a school, the maximum penalty is imposed. The same applies if the seller is caught employing minors to distribute the cannabis.

Can you grow cannabis in the Philippines?

The law forbids the cultivation of cannabis, and a sentence of life imprisonment to death (and a fine of 500,000 pesos to 10 million pesos) is in place for those caught growing it. Likewise, any land used for growing cannabis will be seized by the state, unless the owner of the land can prove that they had no knowledge of the cannabis being cultivated there.

Cultivation for research or medicinal purposes is permitted, but only if it adheres to the guidelines provided by the ‘Dangerous Drugs Board’.

Is CBD legal in the Philippines?

The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency states that the purchase and use of any derivatives from cannabis, including hemp seed oil, is illegal. Since CBD oil is also a derivate of cannabis, it’s safe to assume that CBD products are also illegal.

The PDEA’s Director General Undersecretary, Arturo G. Cacdac, stated: “PDEA and the FDA jointly advise the public that at present, hempseed oil containing products are strictly prohibited in our country. Although the benefits of hemp outweigh the risks, it is not yet legal or authorised by FDA to distribute of offered for sale in the market.”

A jar and a pipette dripping CBD oil and a cannabis plant

Can cannabis seeds be sent to the Philippines?

Due to the PDEA’s tough stance on all derivatives of cannabis plants, seeds cannot be purchased, used or sold in the Philippines. As such, it’s illegal to send them via the post.

Medicinal cannabis in the Philippines

President Rodrigo Duterte’s ‘war on drugs’ is well-known around the world, with the death penalty in place for relatively minor cannabis-related offences.

However, even the president himself has spoken out in favour of using cannabis for medicinal benefit. In 2016, he stated that he had no problem with medicinal cannabis, then later, he added: “Medical marijuana, yes, because it is really an ingredient in modern medicine now. There are medicines right now being developed or already in the market that (contain) marijuana as a component but used for medical purposes.”

As a result, Senator Risa Hontiveros prepared a bill called the ‘Philippine Compassionate Medical Cannabis Act’. This bill suggested that medicinal cannabis should be made available for patients via a prescription from a health official. This bill was approved on its third reading in the House of Representatives (in 2019); but it has yet to become law

As it stands at present, the law (if passed) will broadly resemble that of Uruguay, with ‘proofs of registration’ given to patients requiring cannabis. ‘Medical Cannabis Compassionate Centres’ will also be established, to support these patients and monitor the usage of the drug.

Interestingly, medicinal cannabis is already technically permitted by law. The Dangerous Drugs Act stipulates that “people with legitimate medical needs are not prevented from being treated with adequate amounts of appropriate medications, which include the use of dangerous drugs.” However, this new law would further protect medicinal cannabis users (for example against workplace discrimination), in addition to the health officials that prescribe them.

Industrial hemp in the Philippines

At present, the cultivation of hemp is forbidden in the Philippines, as the law prohibits all types of the Cannabis Sativa L plant, regardless of the levels of THC. Therefore, growing industrial hemp could result in the same punishments as growing high-THC cannabis.

A field of hemp plants and a cloudy sky

Good to know

If you are travelling to the Philippines (or currently live there), you may be interested to know the following:

President Rodrigo Duterte’s impact on cannabis

In 2016, Rodrigo Duterte was elected as president of the Philippines. He was previously the mayor of Davao, and had been linked in the past to the notorious Davao Death Squad, which was believed to have been responsible for the deaths of thousands of suspected drug dealers.

Since his rise to power, Duterte has embarked on a ‘war against drugs’ in a bid to stop people selling and using drugs in the country. This has, for the most part, been a violent campaign. Several thousand drug dealers and users have lost their lives, and these killings have been labelled as ‘legitimate’ by the government.

Despite the fact that the country suspended the death penalty back in 2006, Duterte has repeatedly called for its reinstatement. He and the police force have called their campaign plan ‘Double Barrel’ – a reference to using guns to eliminate both drug barons and street-level pushers and users. Although Duterte claimed that the rich drugs financiers were one of his main targets, the people who have suffered most are largely poor.

Unsurprisingly, this brutal ‘war on drugs’ has prompted international outcry. However, the Philippines’ economic performance has strengthened in recent years – perhaps due to Duterte’s harsh approach to eliminating drugs.

Is there a serious threat to cannabis users?

According to prominent cannabis activist Kimmi del Prado, Duterte’s main target is methamphetamine dealers and users, not those who sell or use cannabis. She described cannabis in the Philippines as an “open secret” with use of the drug still being prevalent in certain parts of the country.

Some of the Philippines’ tribal societies, for example, use cannabis in their rituals and for traditional medicine. Others use it recreationally, as a substitute for tobacco and alcohol. In fact, attitudes towards cannabis are largely positive or ambivalent, with just a few that are prejudiced against its use.

The activist highlights that there is a threat against cannabis users and sellers in the Philippines, but it is less pronounced than other drugs.

The Catholic Church – cannabis’s biggest supporters?

To the astonishment of many, the Catholic Church in the Philippines has spoken out in support of legalising medicinal cannabis, on many occasions.

They claim that their support is based on the fact that cannabis can be used to help many people; their reasoning is focused solely on the health benefits that the plant offers. At the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines in 2014, Archbishop Socrates Villegas commented: “Catholic health care ethics, in fact, considers as morally justifiable the use of marijuana for terminal cancer patients in severe pain.”

A yellow and green church building with palm trees surrounding it

In early 2019, following the third reading and approval of the Philippine Compassionate Medical Cannabis Act, Bishop Oscar Jaime Florencio of the country’s military diocese said to CBCP News that if medicinal cannabis aided patients, “then let us, by all means, use it.”

Not everyone is in agreement with the Catholic Church, though. Some politicians have spoken out against the legalisation of medicinal cannabis, with some calling it a “national disaster”. Senator Vicente Sotto claimed that the whole notion was ‘misleading’, and used a metaphor to illustrate his point: “You don’t declare a nuclear bomb legal just because a small component of the bomb can be used to light up your house.”

Will it be legalised in the future?

It seems likely that cannabis will be approved for medicinal purposes in the near future. However, while President Duterte is still in charge, the nation’s strict laws against cannabis usage and sale are likely to continue.

  • Disclaimer:
    While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this article, it is not intended to provide legal advice, as individual situations will differ and should be discussed with an expert and/or lawyer.

Comments

33 thoughts on “Cannabis in the Philippines – Laws, Use, and History”

  1. cannabis will probably compete with the existing leading brand the reason why they won’t allow it..

  2. Admittedly, Cannabis legalization can be complicated, even tricky. No doubt it is desirable as the prohibition of it makes much more harm than it’s legalization would. But the case for CBD legalization (which is cannabis without THC, the component which modifies consciousness temporarily) is incredibly strong! No danger whatsoever but multiple benefits, among which the very natural relase of anxiety. It’s alrady freely available in most countries so I hope Philippines will soon follow… so many of my friends in Philippines are so anxious, CBD could change their life for the best!

  3. Zephyr_1971

    It’s all political nonsense. The political illegal use of cannabis has been passed down for over a century because of one politician’s misunderstanding to another trying to see who can either get the better publicity, more votes, or bigger wallet. Cannabis is illegal because politicians do not want to acknowledge the medicinal benefits of this proven natural healing herb. Simply put, there’s no gain to their political career to say they support the medical benefits. There’s no money in it. However, at the same time, cigarettes are legal and definitely do cause a plethora of medical disorders that lead to death. They’ve been legal forever. Not to mention alcohol which causes it’s own list of medical disorders. It’s legal for adults, but just take a look at the statistics on alcohol related vehicle accidents. Last, but, not least, is our old household friend sugar. Yes, sugar. It’s totally legal. But, it causes more health related diseases than cigarettes and alcohol combined. For example, diabetes and pancreatitis.
    Now, after all the research that I have done, I cannot find any negative feedback from cannabis that leads to life threatening diseases, vehicle manslaughter, or ANYTHING that relates in nature. Someone mentioned in the comments that ‘marijuana destroyed his life’. Well, if you abuse ANYTHING you need to use to help yourself medically, it will not be beneficial. God gave us this herb. We must not treat it like a forbidden fruit. However, treat it like a book of knowledge and learn from it. Learn about the medical benefits it can offer. Respect the healing nature it can provide and never take more than you need. ☮️

    1. Mark Smith - Sensi Seeds

      Good afternoon Zephyr,

      Thanks so much for your comment, you make some very interesting points – It is all political nonsense, indeed!
      Hopefully with increased cannabis seduction, more people will be able to learn about the potential medicinal benefits of cannabis.
      Have an excellent day, and I hope you continue to enjoy the blog 🙂

      Mark

  4. I am an animal rescuer here in the Philippines and I have researched about CBD because I have rescued dogs who have cancer. Some of them got well when I mix Guyabano, malungay, turmeric, barley and mangostein powder in their food regularly, but those who have the worst case of cancer didn’t. That’s when I started researching for other options and came across the use of Cannabis. Sadly it is illegal here in the Philippines but I really do hope somehow they legalize it for medicinal use. I love my rescued animals like my own kids and I will try anything to treat them.
    I don’t know what’s with the Philippines, all parts of the world are legalizing it already same with divorce. Let people in miserable marriages be happy and free already. LOL

    1. Gerry Costello

      Good luck on your medicine for your doggies. I live in Canada and its legal here and I go mostly for the CBD for arthritis and its no cure,but gives relief.So when we come to the Philippines, I’ll have to be clean for 3 months,no problem. Thanks for the dog rescuing and again good luck!🐕👍

  5. Alexis P. Sale

    MEDICINAL-CANNABIS WAS GOOD AND BETTER FOR ALL ILLNESS,IT WAS IN THE PROPER FORMULATION.

    APS_18

  6. Sergio Francisco Ponce Jr

    Good day everyone, Let me introduce myself first, I’m a student here at Phillippines and I’m currently having a quantitative research about medical purposes of Cannabis.
    Way back 2015 I diagnosed that I have a mental disorder which is anxiety, then one day curiousity hits me that’s why I read articles about anxiety and what organic medication can be use to it because I don’t want to take pill like diazepam tablets (Valium).
    I believe most of the comments here would be helpful to make my thesis more reliable and realistic.
    Because I know cannabis can be useful, benificial and profitable among Filipinos as long as we use it moderately.
    I am hoping that I can gather some information and data to some of you, you can share your medical experience using cannabis while being anonymous.
    You can send me a message thru Gmail, I’m looking forward to heard your stories!
    #SpreadLoveNotHate

    1. Sweet Sensimilla

      Hello sir, I just want to talk with regarding cannabis. I want share what I know about cannabis (though I have a bit of knowledge of it) and at the same time, learn from your research about how you will conduct it or what. Anyway, I am hoping to contact you one day. Let’s discuss on how can we communicate.

    2. Marijuana is better than tabacco and alcohol. I know someone who caggarite and marojuana smoker from his teen age to 31. Totally stopped cigarrete age of 31. Few months after he switched from smoking marijuana to vaping. He vaped Marijuana for a year and half and now totally stopped because he was out of control and abusing the binefits of marijuana. “TOO MUCH WILL KILL US OR DRIVE US INSANE’, well he was insane after vaping all day long for a year and half. He has nothing to do in his life, aside from chain vaping himself . He use the volcanic device (the device people use for marijuana), his love ones sees changes from him. His attitute was out of hands, even himself he can’t explain. He was feeling pain everywhere, we call abulace and they never found findings. He then start vaping pure THC, and take TCH oil. His widrawal is crazy, he don’t do physicall violent. He is pretty aware. Right now, i believe he is only using TCH oil and do not touch cannibas buds even the one with pure TCH.

      !-2 week after he tool drug test, he’s result is around 1060 to 1400 . Don’t make me explain furthere, i am not canibas user. His blood test comed out more or less perfect. He expanded his cognitive and he increase his body oxygen level. His lung chronical illness from smoking cegarrite from early age , has no more trace (it vanished). He do not cough loudly and ver hard anymore. There is no thick and sticky mucus anymore. He heal him physically.
      In short he is physically healthy His mother use THC oil for few weeks before that, he’s mother’s blood result are all normal. hemoglobin, calcium, all bitamin (B, D3,A,C,K12 and so on).

      1. Mark - Sensi Seeds

        Hey Sus,

        Thank for you sharing your experiences with cannabis, and giving so much detail!
        It is definitely my hope that at the very least, this article can serve as a kind of online gathering point for other sufferers so that they can compare experiences and possible solutions, and not feel so alone!

        With best wishes,

        Mark

  7. Marijuana is herb just like tobacco I cant understand why they dont make it legal when it has so much benefits to human. Maybe, if it legal in philpines people will stop buying cigarettes and cocaine. In canada thc is legal its for relaxation and sleep deprivation or insomia.

  8. Randal Gossip

    What are the penalties for possession of a small amount of marijuana if found on a foreigner ?

    1. First off, your top Graphic up there is the flag of Malaysia, not the Philippines. Im surprised a Filipino hasn’t bit your head off about that yet, haha.

      A foreigner will by the book have the same consequences for any broken law that a Filipino will have. However, police here often press foreigners harder, as the bribe that they may be gunning for (most of these offenses are solved ‘out of court’) may be perceived as larger. Best not to get caught.

      All cannabis, medical, recreational, CBD, etc etc is illegal, illegal illegal, and it maybe some time before any of this is addressed (CBD in a low 1% THC ratio may be allowed by the end of 2021 is my guess; Duterte said ‘no legalization during my presidency) ). Drug charges are not bailable, so you will have to sit and wait the long wait for your charges to even be heard. Charges here are severe for cannabis, even small amounts. Rich people get out of jail, poor people generally stay in jail. Be wary of setups, thar be dragons in them there hills.

      There are a few operators that people can acquire medicine from, but there are a lot of scammers. Good luck differentiating between the two.

      Your California prescription for Marijuana is meaningless here, so don’t bother with that card. That said, if you feel the absolute need, and if you feel comfortable with a bit of sleight of hand, you can probably get it into the airports here: there are no dogs and very apathetic customs officials. But that is your choice.

      I have seen first hand how amazing cannabis is for a plethora of illnesses. My wife just got through a tough pregnancy with the aid of CBD for example.

      Be safe.

      1. Scarlet Palmer - Sensi Seeds

        Hi Datu,

        Thanks so much for your comment, and for pointing out the mistake with the flag! I’ve just requested a new header image. Congratulations to you and your wife!

        With best wishes,

        Scarlet

    2. Put simply, black listed, short term imprisonment (6 months to a year)fine and deportation

  9. TIYOY SIQUIJOR LOCALS

    marijuana is not a drug it is a herb.its a organic and natural gift of GOD..alcohol and cigarette is dangerous than marijuana..and then why should legal..
    GOVERNMENT SAYS:GOVERNMENT WARNING CIGARETTE SMOKING IS DANGEROUS TO YOUR HEALTH,,and then???why should legal, and marijuana is illegal,,???that is my big question why government still legal the cigarette and alcohol..WE ALL KNOW THAT CIGARETTE CAN CAUSE CANCER AND MARIJUANA IS CAN TREAT CANCER,,TRY TO IMAGINE THERES A LOT DIED OF CIGARETTE AND ALCOHOL ZERO in MARIJUANA..
    GIVE WEED A CHANCE..
    THANK YOU!!!!

  10. juan dedios

    hello let me introduce myself first and formoat I’m a Canadian Filipino who grew up in Canada my life was good until09 when I suffered a huge stroke wich I wasd told should have killed mebut I survived and spend most of my yime sittingsown without proper circulation I find CONSTANTIRITATION SPECIALLT AT THE TIPS OF MY FINGERS AND FEET A A CAUSE OF LACK OF MOVEMENT CANADA WILL BE LEGALISING THE PLANT FOR CHRONIC PAIN LIKE ME WE SHPILD FOLLOW THIS MOVEMENT MPTTH AMERICA IS CHANGING ITS POLICY AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS THIS LETS MOVE FORWARD ON THIS TOO MY UNCLE WHO WAS BED RIDDEN FOR 6 YEARSWOULD HAVE SUFFERED LESS HE PASSED AWAY3 MONTHS AGO IF HE WAS UNDER THECre ofcanabis use it might have eased the rest of suffering for the time he had left thnk you for understanding from TRUE ANSD FIRM BELIVER OF THE MEDICAL BENEFITS OF CANABID USE THANK YOU JUAN DE DIOS this to be

  11. Archie Hinkle

    The use of cannabis is a life extending no if ands butts about it and should be legal everywhere it is not a drug but a herb!

  12. tree bender

    It is quite apparent that the use of MJ in the Philippines at present, is merely for recreational purpose rather than medical. And it was only recently, that Filipinos started talking about it. Well, most of MJ users who are predominantly using it for fun, would love the idea of having it legalize. But aside from them, there are also scores of people who’s love ones are lying sick in vain because the Government is depriving them from healing thru this commonly misunderstood product of nature. In my humble understanding, those people who are using it ignorantly is synonymous with our current Government officials such us “Sotto” who does not understand about it’s healing effects. I myself was cured from insomnia and depression thru this wonder herb “illegaly” of course. HOW IRONIC

  13. I am here from the US and although I live in a state (within the US) where marijuana is illegal, I use it daily for help with my diabetes and my severe anger problems. For this plant to be considered an illegal drug is in itself criminal. It is a herb put here by our creator and has health benefits second to no other plant. For any one doubting this the should order the book. Marijuana The Gateway To Health and study the facts and not the bullshit put out by Government propagandist. If people worldwide could be shown why this plant was made illegal in the first place minds would quickly change as they would see it was for nothing more than to protect the money interest of the lumber and cotton industries of the United States. Although I have not smoked marijuana since coming to this beautiful place (Phillipines), I have had zero withdrawal symptoms. Can this be said about any of the prescription drugs being pushed by the pharmaceutical industry worldwide? Wake up people!! You are being lied to constantly to protect the money interests of the world. This is a easily provable fact. Proving marijuana has ever hurt anyone physically is what is impossible! Study the facts yourselves and quit believing the lies!

    1. My worries about visiting home (Manila). I am on Medical Marijuana for years to help me with my severe Anxiety and anger issues, depression, pain, etc etc. It’s a life saver, way better than taking prescription meds. Now those are addictive! Does that mean I can’t take my medical marijuana with me?

      1. Scarlet Palmer - Sensi Seeds

        Hi Nicolette,

        I’m really sorry to hear about your situation. We are not qualified to give legal advice, so I strongly recommend you check with a legal professional before taking medicinal cannabis across any borders. Good luck!

        With best wishes,

        Scarlet

  14. @NoWay you know what dont blame the weed its your brothers choices in life to blame.. Weed does not dictate man what to do in life.. Weed has the tendency.to be abused cause everything can be abused its up to the persons own thinking if he is going to..

  15. I think we are forgetting our purpose here on earth but let me remind you that we are here because God entrusted his creations to us so why are others eager to vanish the plant. That is a bit cruel dont you think? For a plant that gives us countless benefits..

  16. Sotto just dont know how to think.. Legalizing weed will hurt the drug dealers because every legal product is taxed.. They wont be earning as much because legal distributors will come to the picture.. I doubt if people would go for the riskier option..

  17. Why is Marijuana against the law? It grows NATURALLY upon our planet. Doesn’t the idea of making nature against the law seem to you a bit unnatural?

  18. why don’t legalized marijuana in some period of time and study the cause and effect of this drug, if harmful to our society, if its not then why we should fight for legalizing it and improved the many facts that senator tito sotto talking about, we all know senator sotto taking the facts that he didn’t know like for example he plagiarize what he talking in Rh bill debate in senate, shame on him!!!!

  19. Why don’t you open your minds !
    Did someone go nuts by smoking weed? No one!
    that’s why they should legalize it !!
    More medication MORE FUN in the PHILIPPINES ! 😀

  20. tangina mo tito sotto. hypocrito kang hinayupak kang tanga ka! hanggang pang TVJ lang kasi ang alam mo bobo!

  21. Marijuana destoryed/destroying my brother’s life and he justifies it as “medical marijuana”. He is a nothing now… living and breathing just to sustain his vice..

  22. The mere fact that marijuana is still illegal despite the support of the catholic church whilenthe RH Bill was blocked despite the obvious benefits shows just how corrupted our government is, like it or not, the illegality of marijuana is very profitable for the government, more specifically the police, what with the number of marijuana users and the money they get from arrests, no wonder it takes so long to legalize it. That and the fact that when marijuana is legalized, a lot of commercial pills will be rendered obsolete, leaving pharmacies bankrupt, realizing this the companies then bribe the senators to oppose the law to the best of their ability. I propose a solution to this however: an honest debate relying on nothing but facts, to be nationally broadcasted for all the Filipino people to hear, to raise the wool from their eyes and undeniably prove once and for all, that cannabis is indeed more beneficial than harmful.

    1. I 100% agree. If they legalize it they will make more money like the USA. The goverment can tax it and make money. Also weed is very good medically. Has been proven very effective for many treatments. People who smoke weed are not criminals, weed is good for everybody. It’s more fun in the Philippines. Even the catholic church supports weed. It’s not a drug, it’s grown naturally. God gave us this. Please legalize it. The world is legalizing it.

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    Sensi Seeds

    The Sensi Seeds Editorial team has been built throughout our more than 30 years of existence. Our writers and editors include botanists, medical and legal experts as well as renown activists the world over including Lester Grinspoon, Micha Knodt, Robert Connell Clarke, Maurice Veldman, Sebastian Maríncolo, James Burton and Seshata.
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    Maurice Veldman

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